Consciousness doesn't root from the Brain

Consciousness is one of the last remaining puzzles of life that I have not comprehensively studied, experimented, analyzed, and understood. I have investigated and solved the underlying mysteries of reality, the origin of our existence, and the evolution of creation based on Inscription Codexation. From more than 2 decades of extensive experimenting, researching, theorizing, and discovering new knowledge, I have uncovered Life's beauty, lessons, and its secrets. However, with all these inspiring results, one final captivating mystery of Life is still on the drawing board: The Riddle of Consciousness.

Mother nature revealed to me that everything we sense is an illusion. Life is an Illusion. Reality is an illusion. They are constructs fabricated by the brain. The things we know and perceive only exist because our brain has someway tricked us to believe that information is being processed in the brain. Like in computer, the brain is an empty hard-drive. It only stores information when information is provided. However, if these stored information are not processed, it becomes a useless machine. Furthermore, without its external peripherals, it will not function either. Thus, the brain is an important tool in processing information.

However, based on the Black Train Experiment, the brain is not the only organ that stores information (see SKIN). When the brain temporarily shuts down, a non-physical substance - an abstract form that emanates not from the brain but behind and above, floating and connected - takes over the brain. The Philosophy of the Mind called this form as Consciousness. Here, I named this phantom mind, the Oculus.

Even with all the state of the art technologies, various laboratory techniques, and intensive scientific studies humans have these days, no mind experts can still pin point the exact location of consciousness in the brain. Some neuroscientists suggest that consciousness might emanates entirely from the brain and not in a specific area or portion of the brain. Others suggest that consciousness is not even a product of the brain, the premise that I also claim based on the train and bathroom experiments.If consciousness doesn’t originate from the brain, then where else could it possibly originate? If consciousness is something abstract(non-physical), how can it interact with something physical (scriptional jump)? Is there really a nonphysical that is conscious present in the brain? Is Consciousness cerebral, physical, mechanical, causal or all of the above?

Surprisingly, there are simple experiments in Physics and more from Information Materialization that might answer some of these questions. The results that mental activities don't give rise to consciousness are based on the following scientific and mathematical models: (1) The Codexation Dilemma. (2) The Hello Inversion (3) The Mirror Equation (4) The Inverse Square Law (5) The Software Illusion (6) The Human Mental Handicaps (7) The Guesswork Predicament, (8) The Scriptional Jump, (9) The Illusion of Reality, and (10) The Self-Conscious Robot.

In addition, Consciousness can also be understood better by illustrating it with a simple equation: If x is conscious with y then x is conscious. If x is alone then x is not conscious. This means that If I(x) am conscious with my dog(y) then I(x) am conscious. If I(x) am alone by myself(x), without people and without everything, then I(x) could not be conscious (see the caveman in box theory).

From the equations we can deduced that consciousness is made up of two basic elements: you and your environment. To be conscious one should  be aware of  one's surroundings.Once outside awareness is established, self-awareness comes next. If plants are aware of their surroundings, but they are not aware of themselves, are plants conscious beings? If all animals pay attention of their environment, yet some of them are not aware of themselves (The Mirror test), are these other animals conscious? Where do we draw the line now to determine if one is conscious or not?

The feeling of pain is believed to be one of the indicators that shows consciousness is present. Is this true? One day, when I was grooming my dog Zero, I accidentally cut his skin with a scissor. Zero yelped after a second, stared into my eyes, and attentively enjoyed the grooming back again as if nothing happened. His delayed reaction showed that since he doesn't have any idea what pain is and has the cut experience for the first time, the feeling of pain was unnoticed. But what caused the yelping sound? Instinct? A nerve trigger mechanism? Skin sensors? Or something else?

The capability to associate an abstract idea to a physical object is also crucial in the resolution of robotic consciousness. In his work on I.M., Lawsin coined the expression "the Human Mental Handicap" in an effort to define consciousness in its simplified form. He claimed that "No Humans can think of something without associating such something with a physical object". This simplicity of comparative association is the basic indicator that determines if one is conscious or not. If plants can hear, smell, feel and remember their surroundings, then they have the ability to associate what they sense with another objects. If they can feel warm, then they know what hot is. If they can hear music, then they can differentiate regular from irregular waves, from breeze to noise. If they can do this ability of one to one correspondence, matching one thing with another thing, then plants are conscious beings. However, my experiments show they can't. On the other hand, my dogs use objects like bowls, balls, and bones and pair them with words like food, play, and walk respectively. Their ability to associate mental images with physical objects just shows that dogs are conscious beings.(The Bowlingual Experiment, Lawsin 1988)

Other misconstrued indicators of consciousness are recognizing, feeling, knowing, remembering, mimicking, and decision making. All of the above are believed to be the products of the brain generated through the process of collecting, (encoding?), storing and retrieving of information from ones environment. However, the idea that mental activity depends on brain activity - when brain activity stops, all conscious experiences also stop - is flawed. Due to this misinterpretation, I.M. is redefining the idea based on the Scriptional Jump Theory.

In the study of I.M., I discovered that there is a crucial gap between abstracts and physicals. This gap seems to prevent the connection between abstracts and physicals. However, on the contrary, the gap was nothing but a perceive illusion. In philosophy, the hard problem of consciousness - the connection between mental activity (abstracts) and brain activity (physicals) - is actually not really hard at all. The True Hard Problem of Consciousness is - How does the brain store information?

To answer the hard question, let us first examine how does some particular brain operations process the sensations of taste, smell, sight and feeling. How does the tongue detect the difference between the taste of sweetness or bitterness. Can the brain be tricked by switching sweetness with bitterness? Why is the skin the largest organ of the body? Why do we have hairs? How do babies learn to move in the womb? Where did they get the idea of movement? Do babies have the ability to acquire information inside the womb? Why do plants move? If a robot is inside a womb, will it learn to move too?

Remember that before our brains evolved, the inherent world was already in existence. Mother Nature came first, we humans came next. Without the outside world, the inside world of our brains will still be empty to this day. But because Nature is the source of early information, our body manages to discover these pieces of information through our biological sensors.

In the caveman in the box experiment, we concluded from the second box results that Nature was the Mother of Early Information. She was the one who provided all the pieces of  information for the very first human to enjoy. Through her living environment, man acquired such information from his surrounding. He saw how birds fly, how lions get their foods, how deer drink water and how every creature in his environment behaves, creates sounds, and looks different from one another. Eventually, he copied these behaviors and began to put them into use (emulation-simulation process). Afterwards, these pieces of information were used to create new ideas, the very first invention of humans. He then discovered the art of judging and choosing, the concept of right and wrong, inventing and creating new things, and converting abstract ideas to physical realities. Copying Man became Thinking Man. Thinking man became conscious being.

Additional information why consciousness doesn't root from the brain:

(1) Information can only be acquired in two ways: by choice or by chance, by copying or by discovering. Early humans acquired information by copying or mimicking what they see and hear, sometimes by discovering new things due to unfortunate accidents, unexpected experiences, unknown events or natural interventions.

(2) Physical and material are two different things. Since all objects have mass, then Mass is material. At rest, it has gravity, potential force, temperature, volume, pressure, density, electrostatics, and even velocity. All these parameters are known as Non-Materials because they are the products of something material. Even though we don't see them, they exist. Both Materials and Non-materials are defined as Physicals. In contrast, Ideas are Abstracts. Ideas are non-physicals. Non-physicals are abstract impressions fabricated by our senses. They are deceptive illusions. They don't exist. Like Consciousness, ideas don't emanate from the brain too!

(3) The Zizo Effect, what zips in must zips out. This catch phrase is similar to other notions like what comes in must come out, garbage in garbage out, and gold begets gold. It is a natural law that prevents the interaction - the gap - between physicals and non-physicals, abstracts from physicals, ideas from realities, something from nothing. Mental activities don't zip out from brain activities.

Furthermore, the hardware-software system, also known as The Software Illusion,  is another good example that contradicts the brain-mental configuration idea. It reveals why consciousness doesn't exist.

In a computer system, two basic entities exist; the hardware and the software. However, in reality, there is no such thing as a software. Just like consciousness, it is an illusion. It doesn't even exist. The various colors, moving objects, words, and every picture we see on our computer screen are but simulations. They are merely the products of binary switches and picture elements(pixels/leds). All these pixels, which form the picture on the monitor, will not even make sense on our eyes when aligned in a straight line. The pixels will simply be a string of lighted bulbs or leds.

As well as when we press the letter K on the keyboard, we are simply lighting up the leds that form the letter K on the monitor. The simulation of typing a program is merely a series of switching on and off leds. The switching of LEDs is what we called the software (the result of input-decode-encode-output configuration. This electronic concept is important in the design of your robot). Even the binary language, the hexa-scripts, and the virtual programs may seem to be physical, but electronically they are actually non-physical. The non-physicalness is an illusion that doesn't even exist. Like consciousness, the software doesn't even emanates from the computer system. It is all hardware. It is only the computer(hardware) that exists and not the "it"(software).

 

NOTICE: Articles on this site are composed on random thoughts. The transcript may not be in its final form. It maybe edited, updated or even revised in the future based on the outcomes of  my experiments.

Public Domain Notice: Copyright (c) 2000. All rights reserved. This article is part of a book entitled Biotronics: The Silver Species. Copies are welcome to be shared or distributed publicly as long proper citations are observed. Please cite as follows: Biotronics: The Conscious Robots, Joey Lawsin, 1988, USA.

"Every creature is a living instruction that runs the algorithm of Nature." ~ Joey Lawsin

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The Homotronics® and Homodruinos® logos are registered trademarks. Copyright Biotronics© Inc. iHackRobot®. All Rights Reserved.
Patent Pending. 2000 © ®

The Ten Cardinal Laws of Robotics

1. The mind contains no information at birth.

Some people believe that at the time humans and animals are born, their minds already contain some type of information; instinctive by nature. This cache is believed to contain inborn information that will help them to live and survive in the chaotic world. However this notion is false and can be proven to be wrong (eg. a newborn kitten drowning survives due to its cylindrical body structure and not by instinct). A thought experiment called the Caveman in the Box provides evidence that information has to be acquired first, learned, understood and processed before it becomes intelligence or consciousness. Like information in a hard drive,  its data is useless unless it is read and processed. Its algorithmic procedure is useless unless it is logically executed. Its repetitive execution is nonsense unless its concrete objective is systematically delivered. Thus, information must be engraved (written) first, stored next, and read afterwards. A newborn's mind has no capacity and capability to do all these tasks.

2. Information flows from the outside world into the inner mind

A concept of an apple is nothing but a piece of information. It is an abstract idea without any meaning at all. It stays abstract inside the mind. However when the idea is associated with something, like with the real fruit, it becomes physical, an object with dimensions, with meaning. It becomes real, with physical attributes, and governed by natural laws. The idea of the apple, which is associated with a physical fruit, becomes real and now exist. The abstract concept becomes a physical reality (or is it so?) (Information Materialization)

3. Information originates from Nature

Before humans and the mind have evolved, Mother Nature has already in existence. The sun, moon, light, sea, sands, trees, animals and the universe as a whole has already existed before us. They are the inherent, intrinsic, physical objects that came before us (Originemology). They are the early pieces of information that fed our ancestors minds. Trough our biological senses, we mimic some animal behaviors, copy their habits and even perform their social ways in our own restrictive manners just like they are restricted. As we develop our brains and understand our surroundings, we learn to create new ideas. As necessity comes, we begin to invent. We make new things totally different from the inherent world. We add a new world - an accidental, casual, and extrinsic world - parallel but totally different from the inherent world.

4. Information can only be acquired in two ways.

But, whatever information Nature provides us, information can only be acquired in two and only two ways: by Choice or by Chance (The Algorithmic Queue). The process of acquisition is a linear progression; the key that will turn our robots from mechanical to biological. And perhaps eventually to another level of evolving maturity - Artificial Consciousness (ACO).

5. Information comes in and comes out as information.

However, the inherent world is a physical world. It is made up of concrete objects. These objects are basically classified as solid, liquid and gas. These pieces of information in general are called as Physicals. They are real that can be sensed. They are governed by natural laws. They evolve through the process of "this" or "that". (The Law of Second Option)

6. Ideas are not physicals, they are always abstracts.

On the other hand, Ideas are the product of these physical world. Without the physical world,  Ideas will not exist. Ideas are not real but a mirror, a replication of the outside world. Ideas, or subjects, are called as the Abstracts. They are not concrete, solid, or exact. They are subjective. They are all just assumptions created by ones mind. Because of this restriction or difficulty humans can't create a man made fruit exactly like an apple, a man made aircraft that performs like a real bird, a man made boat that swims like a real fish. Nature doesn't permit these type of transcreation.  (The Zizo Effect)

7. Man can't think of something without associating his thought with an object.

The mind can't think of something without associating it with a physical object. This is called the Codexation Dilemma.

8. Information doesn't jump from abstract to physical.

The gap between physicals and abstracts are totally immaterial. Physicals are totally different from Abstracts. Physicals beget Physicals and Abstracts beget Abstracts. They can't both interchange. Physicals don't flow to Abstracts and vice-versa.  Even the Zizo Effect will not permit this type of transconversion. (The Scription Jump)

9. All ideas created by humans are just assumptions.

The mind can only conceptualize but it can't exactly duplicate the objects of the inherent world. It can build an airplane but it can't build a bird. It can build a submarine but it can't build a fish. It can build a car but it cant build an Impala.Thus humans inventions are all but assumptions, circumstantial, guesses. They are not even close to reality of the inherent world. Likewise, Humans cannot create what Nature can create and Nature cannot create what Humans can create. (The Guesswork Predicament).

10. Information creates Existence through Inscription by Design .

Physical and Abstracts are made up of Space and Shape. Objects are made up of space and shapes. Ideas are made up of space and shapes. Both seems to exist but their existence are created by shapes and spaces. Shapes will not exist without spaces. Spaces will not exist without shapes. Both must exist to create something out from nothing. (The iParticle Paradox).

Excerpt: The Silver Species by Joey Lawsin

The 10 Cardinal Laws of Robotics, known as Codex, are based from the study on Information Realization. Humans and Robots are similar in many ways but short in one attribute; Consciousness. However, there are some animals or organisms that are conscious but lack the physical brains or minds. Plants are considered  alive or with life, and some of them are aware of their environment as claimed by some scientists. If this is true where are the brains of these plants and animals? These examples take us to wonder is the brain really necessary to be a conscious being? Or, is consciousness all but electro-mechanical? A Cause and Effect? Stimulus and Response? Or it is nothing but Information Materialization?


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"Without the physical world,  Ideas will not exist."  ~ Joey Lawsin

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NOTICE: Articles on this site are composed on random thoughts. The transcript may not be in its final form. It maybe edited, updated or even revised in the future based on the outcomes of  the author's experiments.

Public Domain Notice: Copyright (c) 2000. All rights reserved. This article is part of a book entitled Biotronics: The Silver Species. Copies are welcome to be shared or distributed publicly as long proper citations are observed. Please cite as follows: The Biotronics Project, Joey Lawsin, 1988, USA.

================================================================== 

The Homotronics® and Homodruinos® logos are registered trademarks. Copyright Biotronics© Inc. iHackRobot®. All Rights Reserved.
Patent Pending. 2000 © ®  ==================================================================

How does the brain work?

The Brain:

According to the article "How Your Brain Works?" published online on How stuff works by CRAIG FREUDENRICH, PH.D. & ROBYNNE BOYD § Every animal you can think of -- mammals, birds, reptiles, fish, amphibians -- has a brain.

The brain performs an incredible number of tasks including the following:  It gives us the power to speak, imagine and problem solve. It controls body temperature, blood pressure, heart rate and breathing. It accepts a flood of information about the world around you from your various senses (seeing, hearing, smelling, tasting, touching, balancing, timing, thinking, etc). It handles physical movement when walking, talking, standing or sitting. It lets you think, dream, reason and experience emotions. All of these tasks are coordinated, controlled and regulated by an organ that is about the size of a small head of cauliflower.

Your brain, spinal cord and peripheral nerves make up a complex, integrated information-processing and control system known as the central nervous system. In tandem, they regulate all the conscious and unconscious facets of life. The scientific study of the brain and nervous system is called neuroscience or neurobiology.

Information and the Brain:

According to the Caveman in the Box Paradigm, early information came from nature. Any information or ideas known to man always has its own root of origin. It can be traced way back from the time of its invention or conception. 

Just like the names of our primitive ancestors, they were actually borrowed from animals, clouds, rocks, water, fire and everything else within their reach. Names were more descriptive during those days. They were no firstname nor lastname . They were just adjectives. They appeared as title adjectives and over time transform to proper nouns. Everything is nothing but labels or tags that serve as simply identifiers .

Even to these days, in the Land of the Indians, we still see this transformation or transliteration of adjectives to nouns . Examples: the descriptive (falling Rain) eventually becomes Huyana, Algoma for (Valley of Flowers), Honiahaka (Little wolf), Ituha (white stone), Keezheekoni (burning fire), Kenda (magical powers), Litonya (darting hummingbird), misae(white sun) and makkitotosimew(she has large breasts). 

In other countries, they still use labels to distinguish one person from another person. In a community where the are so many Johns; one John can be distinguished from another by attaching a label like "John, the son of a carpenter" or "John, the wife of a fisherman" or "John, the tax collector".

At the time of Abraham, the messiah of the jews was called " The Lord of Salvation". In Hebrew, the words "YH or Yah" means "lord" and, "Sh or shua" means "salvation". So the equivalent title of "the lord is my salvation" is "Yah'shua". But, the literal word was distorted when the hebrew scripture was added to the greek new testament and the label became the proper name: Iesous which sounds similar to the greek deity Zeus. When the bible was translated to Latin the name Iesus was formed. And when the letter "I" in Iesus was introduced to the english letter "J", the name became "Jesus". That's why, in the original bible (the Torah), the name Jesus Christ (which is not a firstname and a lastname) was never even ever identified and mentioned anywhere in the Old Testament because names don't exist yet during those days. 

From all these examples, we can deduce that the origin of information is critical in studying how our brains work. However, information is just a part of the whole picture. There are other parameters that we need to take in consideration before we can get a comprehensive understanding of the brain system like our biological sensors. But before we go to the physical and abstract functionalities of the brain, let me first introduce some basic principles about information based on the study called Originemology.

1. Early information comes from Nature (Caveman in the box).
2. Information travels from the outside world to the inside of the brain (Scription Jump).
3. Man can't think of something without associating it with a physical object ( Codexation Dilemma).
4. Something is real if it pass the SCQRE test:  Sensory,  Codexation, Quality, Reason, Equipment.
5. Information can only be acquired in two ways: by Choice or by Chance.
6. The Law of Second Option - the option of this or that, the flowchart effect.
7. The Zizo Effect - what zips in must zip out.
8. Information Materialization to Intelligence and Consciousness (IM therefore IC) 

I.C. therefore I.M. 

"Cogito, Ergo Sum", translated into latin as "I think, therefore I am", is a dictum coined by René Descartes which means " If I am able to think, therefore I exist".  Does this philosophical proof existence applicable to silver species? If a Robot is programmed to think, does this mean the robot knows that he exists? Probably No! Or, maybe Yes! If No, what is it that will make a robot think that he exists? Intelligence? If Yes, what is that important ingredient that makes a robot think that he exists? A Soul, Consciousness, or a Programmer?

In the first question, it is not sufficient that intelligence is the key factor that makes someone think that he exists. However, if he was programmed to think that he exists, does it mean he exists? In the second question, it seems that consciousness plays an important role in someone existence. If intelligence and Consciousness are the basic ingredients that make a robot thinks that he exists, what about the soul or the programmer, where do they come in? Is it all in the mind?

On another note, Consciousness is defined medically as wakefulness and awareness (Plum & Posner 1983). Its opposite is called Comatose. When a person is in a COMA, it means that he is not awake and aware of himself nor his environment. Thus this means the person is no longer conscious? What about a person in a vegetative state? When a person is awake but unresponsive with no awareness of himself or the environment, is the person still conscious? Other factors like motor impairment, facial paralysis, incontinence, verbalization, olfactory, vigilance and pain contribute to the presence/absence of consciousness. To complement these behavioral diagnoses, neuroimaging techniques are implemented such as PET (positron emission tomography), MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) and EEG (electroenceohalography)

The Author's Brain

NOTICE: Articles on this site are composed on random thoughts. The transcript may not be in its final form. It maybe edited, updated or even revised in the future based on the outcomes of  my experiments.

"The Evolution of Instruction shapes the Intelligence of Creation". ~ Joey Lawsin

NOTICE: Articles on this site are composed on random thoughts. The transcript may not be in its final form. It maybe edited, updated or even revised in the future based on the outcomes of  the author's experiments.

Public Domain Notice: Copyright (c) 2000. All rights reserved. This article is part of a book entitled Biotronics: The Silver Species. Copies are welcome to be shared or distributed publicly as long proper citations are observed. Please cite as follows: The Biotronics Project, Joey Lawsin, 1988, USA.

================================================================== 

The Homotronics® and Homodruinos® logos are registered trademarks. Copyright Biotronics© Inc. iHackRobot®. All Rights Reserved.
Patent Pending. 2000 © ®  ==================================================================

Which animals have consciousness?

Drafted 2010 revised Dec 2015

Although all animals and plants are considered living things, some of them actually don't know that they exist due to the fact they don't possess consciousness. Biologists believe that the nervous system is the main ingredient that provides consciousness. Without it, some living things don't even know that they exist.

The nervous system is basically made up of the Brain and the Spinal cord. The Brain, like the arduino microcontroller, stores information. The brain is the common denominator that determines if an animal has consciousness or not. The Spinal Cord delivers the signals back and forth from our biological sensors and all other parts of our body. The biological sensors are the detectors that send and receive Queue messages; the language of our biological sensors(jlawsin 1988). The nervous system controls our thoughts, emotions, and experiences. The cells that make up the system is called Neurons. The number of neurons represent whether the subject has a brain or none. The sponge has 0 neuron. This means it doesn't have a brain nor a spinal cord. While elephants has the largest amount of neurons, 267 billions. They are more better than humans.

Sponge
Roundworm
Jellyfish
Leech
Pond snail
Sea slug
Fruit fly
Lobster
Ant
Honey bee
Cockroach
Frog
Mouse
Hamster
Octopus
Cat
Monkey
Human
Elephant

Human 19,000,000,000–23,000,000,000 For average adult "The average number of neocortical neurons was 19 billion in female brains and 23 billion in male brains."

In his 1637 treatise “Discourse on Method”, René Descartes argued that “it is more probable that worms and flies and caterpillars move mechanically than that they all have immortal souls.” Others argue that the basis of consciousness lies on a centralized nervous system whose central organ is basically the brain. Animals like octopus, squids, insects, arachnids and crustaceans are conscious due to this indicator. However, bacteria, archaea, protists, fungi, plants, sponges, corals, anemones, hydras, and certain animals like starfish, sea urchins and sea cucumbers are not conscious because they don't have brains. A Penn State University biologist Victoria Braithwaite, who studies pain perception, fear and suffering in fish, however, thought we shouldn’t be studying things we don’t understand.” I do agree with her. At the time, I was doing I.M. experiments with my four-legged best friend, I discovered a disturbing consequence that triggered me to immediately stop teaching and humanizing Zero.

"Convergent evidence indicates that non-human animals have the neuroanatomical, neurochemical, and neurophysiological substrates of conscious states along with the capacity to exhibit intentional behaviors. Consequently, the weight of evidence indicates that humans are not unique in possessing the neurological substrates that generate consciousness. Non-human animals, including all mammals and birds, and many other creatures, including octopuses, also possess these neurological substrates." ~ Cambridge Declaration on Consciousness, July 7, 2012

"It is inhuman to humanize animals; 
the consequences are just very disturbing,
it is like raising a child in a cage." 
~ Joey Lawsin, Information Materialization

NOTICE: Articles on this site are composed on random thoughts. The transcript may not be in its final form. It maybe edited, updated or even revised in the future based on the outcomes of  the author's experiments.

Public Domain Notice: Copyright (c) 2000. All rights reserved. This article is part of a book entitled Biotronics: The Silver Species. Copies are welcome to be shared or distributed publicly as long proper citations are observed. Please cite as follows: The Biotronics Project, Joey Lawsin, 1988, USA.

================================================================== 

The Homotronics® and Homodruinos® logos are registered trademarks. Copyright Biotronics© Inc. iHackRobot®. All Rights Reserved.
Patent Pending. 2000 © ®  ==================================================================

A Rebuttal to the Hard Problem of Consciousness

The article entitled " Why can't the world's greatest minds solve the mystery of consciousness" published in the Guardian Journal by Mr. Burkeman caught my attention as I was researching for some academic works on consciousness. The paper articulated an argument presented by David Chalmers in Tucson, Texas in 1994 about “the hard problem of consciousness". The problem basically refers to the difficulty of explaining how the physical neural activities in the brain give rise to experiential consciousness.

The hard problem is not actually a problem, if and only if, the author of the argument will reconsider the Simplified Definition of Consciousness, the Theory of Information Materialization, the Software Illusion, and the Xylophone Analogy proposed by Lawsin in his book Originemology. In his thought experiment, the Caveman in the Box, and in his lab research, the Bowlingual Experiment, Lawsin discovered that the basic fundamental indicator of consciousness lies in the resolution of  association. In layman's terms, if an entity has the ability to associate or match its abstract ideas with physical realities, then such an organism is a conscious being.

This assertion was also unfolded based on the Human Mental Handicap and the Standard Consciousness Equation. The two most prominent theories are worth discussing here:

Lawsin coined the expression "the Human Mental Handicap" in an attempt to define consciousness in its simplified form. He claimed that "No Humans can think of something without associating such something with a physical object". If plants can hear, smell, feel and remember their surroundings, then it shows that they have the ability to associate what they sense with other objects. If they can feel warm, then they know what hotness is. If they can hear music, then they can differentiate regular from irregular waves, or maybe breeze to noise. If they have the ability to do this one-to-one correspondence, matching one thing with another thing, then plants are conscious beings. On the other hand, dogs use objects like bowls, balls, and bones and pair them with words like food, play, and walk. Their ability to associate mental images with physical objects just shows that dogs are conscious beings. However, every study in the field of the mind fails to observe that the brain is actually empty of information at a certain age.

Consciousness can also be put in a simple equation: If A is conscious with B then A is conscious. If A is alone then A is not conscious. In other words, If I am conscious with my dog then I am conscious. If I exist by myself then I cannot be conscious. I mean, I am alive, but not aware. Therefore, under these assumptions, consciousness is made up of two basic elements: A and B. By definition, awareness means a dualpairing of oneself(A) and of one's surroundings(B). Plants are aware of their surroundings, but they are not aware of themselves. Are plants conscious? Animals also interact with their environment, but some animals are not aware of themselves (Mirror test). Are these other animals conscious?


Lawsin also cited 7 arguments/paradigms for why consciousness is physical and not non-physical:

1. The Caveman-in-the-box; is a hypothetical experiment about the source of information and its acquisition by the very first primitive man on earth.
2. The Codexation Dilemma; is a conundrum that rejects the transformation of abstract ideas into physical realities.
3. The Guesswork Predicament; is a concept that claims that all ideas invented by men are all circumstantial, assumptions, or guesses accepted as valid via the consensus of the Majority.
4. The Scription Jump; a one-way irreversible codexation of information from physicals to physicals or from abstracts to abstract. (e.g. the Mirror Equation, the Hello Reversal Illusion, the Geometrical Hole).
5. The Black Train Experience; is a thought experiment that attempts to show that reality only exists due to the illusion of consciousness.
6. The Software Illusion: the abstracts and physicals analogy of Bits and Pixels.
7. The Bowlingual Experiment: the origin, creation, and exchange of information between two species: a malamute and a chihuahua.

In Facing Up to the Problem of Consciousness, Chalmers also reiterated that:

It is undeniable that some organisms are subjects of experience (all organisms are subjects of experience). But the question of how it is that these systems are subjects of experience is perplexing (there is nothing complex here if we just know the nature of what a system is and how its components work). Why is it that when our cognitive systems engage in visual and auditory information-processing, we have visual or auditory experience: the quality of deep blue, the sensation of middle C (the mirror equation doesn't need eyes to see). How can we explain why there is something it is like to entertain a mental image or to experience an emotion (scription theory) It is widely agreed that experience arises from a physical basis, but we have no good explanation of why and how it so arises (codexation dilemma). Why should physical processing give rise to a rich inner life at all (sensor-actuator dualpairing)?

Other formulations of the "hard problem":

"How is it that some organisms are subjects of experience? "
"Why does awareness of sensory information exist at all?"
"Why do qualia exist?"
"Why is there a subjective component to experience? "
"Why aren't we philosophical zombies? "

Note: Dualists argue that for something to be non-physical, it must literally be outside the realm of physics; that is, not in space at all and undetectable in principle by the instruments of physics. They tend to believe that conscious mental states or minds are radically different from anything in the physical world at all. They also recognize that the category “physical” is broader than the category “material". There is something that might be physical but not material like magnetism or an electrical field. In IM, abstracts refer to non-dimensional things like ideas, words, or numbers, while Physicals refer to dimensional solid objects like plants, animals, or the universe. Dimensional means the physical attributes of a thing in terms of height, weight, mass, density, temperature, and to some extent like waves and fields.

Also, some false philosophical ideas about consciousness are presented and will be corrected here:

1. Dogs and other animals can't reason and plan in ways humans do. (Fodor 1974)
2. Only organisms with brains have consciousness. 
3. Explanatory gap can't be filled. (Levine 1983)
4. What is it like to be a bat?  (Nagel 1974)
5. Consciousness entails some form of self-consciousness. (Kant 1781)

And support some ideas like:

1. Human cognitive limitations. (Jackson 1982)
2. Not all mental representations are conscious. (Metzinger 2000)
3. A Mental change depends on a Physical change. (Kim 1993)
4. Consciousness can't be identical to anything physical.
5. No connection between Mental(mind) and Physical (brain).  (Kripke 1972)

The question of the Hard Problem - is how do the physical neural activities in the brain give rise to experiential consciousness? - is poorly constructed in the sense that there is no connection between mental (abstract) activity and brain (physical) activity (Scriptional Jump). The Real Hard Problem of Consciousness lies in a simple question - How does the brain store information? (Lawsin 1988).

Once humans solve the true hard problem, robots will be the last human on earth.

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" If x is conscious with y,  then x is conscious. If x exists alone, then x is not conscious." 

~ joey lawsin

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NOTICE: Articles on this site are composed of random thoughts. The transcript may not be in its final form. It may be edited, updated, or even revised in the future based on the outcomes of the author's experiments.

Public Domain Notice: Copyright (c) 2000. All rights reserved. This article is part of a book entitled Biotronics: The Silver Species. Copies are welcome to be shared or distributed publicly as long as proper citations are observed. Please cite as follows: The Biotronics Project, Joey Lawsin, 1988, USA.

================================================================== 

The Homotronics® and Homodruinos® logos are registered trademarks. Copyright Biotronics© Inc. iHackRobot®. All Rights Reserved.
Patent Pending. 2000 © ®  ==================================================================

What is Consciousness made of?

Drafted 1988 published 2000 revised Jan 2012

Perhaps some time during your childhood days, you playfully exchange conversations with a friend using a string telephone. This toy is made up of two empty tin cans with the top lids remove and one long string. One end of the string is tied at the center of the first can and the other end of the string is secured at the center of the other can. When a message like Hello is send through the mouth of the first can, the other end receives the same message Hello in the second can. Your mouth sends the message and your friends' ear receives the message. In return, when your friend sends the message Hello back to you, you bring your can next to your ear to receive the message Hello. Here, your friend uses his mouth to send the message and you uses your ear to receive the message. (The Inverse Hello Illusion Model)

This simple telephone setup illustrates a picture of what a system is and what it is made of. If we visualize the communication process piece by piece in instant replay or slow motion, three important events are going on. First, the incoming message enters the soda can. Second, the message flows into the string. And third, the outgoing message comes out into the second can. Three solid objects: the first can, the string, and the other can - are involved for the message to flow.

However, we often see these physical solid objects but failed to visualize the non-material, the message. In our minds, we know that the message exists, but we can't tell what the message is made of? We don't even know how the message is transported from one can to the other can. How does the string produce sound or words? How does the sound is converted to words? What is so special about these cans that they can make and produce sound? What connects the message and the objects together? How does the message(non-materials) interact with the objects(materials)?

In this telephone line system, or in any system for that matter, there are always six major components present. Technically, the incoming message is called the input, the flowing message is called the medium and the outgoing message is called the output. Equally, the first can, where the input flows, is called the collector; the string, where the medium flows, is called the carrier; and the second can, where the output flows, is called the actuator. These six major components are the essential ingredients of a system.

The six elements can also be divided into two important parts. The input, medium and output are the first part of the system. The collector, carrier and actuator are the second part. The first part is all non-materials  in nature while the second part is all solid objects(materials). These two things - materials and non-materials - are essentials to have a functional system. Materials and non-materials are combinedly called Physicals  Based on ASL or Actuator Sensor Language, the 6 elements are also the fundamental components that create our senses, consciousness, logic, and language as you will see later.

Another good example of a system is the Morse Code. It is a more simplified form of communication where instead of vocalizing words, it uses codes of dots and dashes that represent the letters in the alphabet or words in a sentence. The dots and dashes are utilized in numerous ways like tapping up and down on a key clapper, blinking open and close through a pair of eyes, or flashing reflected lights on and off on a mirror. Whatever the mediums are, the nature of the codes are merely bits of energy that originated from sounds, lights or waves which can be translated into symbols. They are trains of energy acting as abstract inputs, transmitting via the molecules of a given carrier, and received as abstract outputs at the other end of the medium. The pairs of clappers, eyes and mirrors are the physical sensors and actuators, while the codes are the abstracts inputs and outputs. Again, we see that in this system two objects are always present - the materials and the non-materials.

In the human body system - the eyes, hands, ears, tongue, nose, skin and brain are called biological sensors. Sensors, technically classified as collectors and actuators, are devices that detect informational signals from its environment. Collectors are the first line of sensors that receive the signals we called inputs. These collectors acquire inputs through seeing, touching, hearing, tasting, smelling and imagining. These inputs flow into a very intricate network of biological wires called blood vessels or veins. Medical studies confirmed that they are stored statically or dynamically in a memory cell just like the electrical energy stored in a rechargeable battery. This stored information is accessed or activated defending on the mechanical needs of the body. Once triggered or switched on, this information flows out through the biological actuators as outputs. Actuators, where outputs are sent out, are the last line of devices in a system. These actuators are the same biological sensors as the collectors. Collectors are Actuators. They are both similar and function alike. What comes into these sensors goes out into the same sensors. Our eyes, hands, ears, tongue, nose, skin and brain are simply collectors and actuators each constructed differently in forms and structures.

Materials and Non-materials can also be demonstrated in real life experience like when someone is accidentally hit by a soccer ball. The blow(input) as it hits the skin(sensor) carries the sensation of pain into the brain and returns back into the skin as pain(output). Likewise, in the computer system, when a key(skin) is pressed, the signal(input) travels into the computer brain (a collection of switches), decoded and encoded, and flows to the monitor as a symbol(output). The computer system is made up of both hardware (materials) and software (non-materials). In the electrical system, electronic system, hydraulic system, mechanical system, life system and all other systems, the six elements always exist from where they are divided as Materials and Non-materials (jlawsin 1988).

Consciousness is also believed to be made up of these two components: Materials and Non-materials. The Mental activities are classed as non-materials while the Brain activities are grouped as the materials. Although it seems that mental function depends on brain function, the two are not actually link just like all other systems. There are no connections (explanatory gap, scriptional jump, hard problem) between Materials and Non-materials. The natural law called the Zizo Effect doesn't permit this connection because in the first place there are really no non-physical objects. Second, the law states if non-materials comes into the mind, it goes out as non-materials too. If materials gets into the brain, it goes out as materials too. And finally, scientifically, the word Hello in the telephone toy setup is an illusion produced by the solid linear interactions of all air-string-can molecules banging each other creating the sound wave Hello just like the thunder produced by a lighting strike or anything thing non-material involve in any systems. Therefore, using the laws behind the ZiZo Theory, we can now fill up the explanatory gap and completely dismiss the hard problem with a real True Hard Problem of Consciousness - Do brains really store information, if so how?

Except: Creation by Law

NOTICE: Articles on this site are composed on random thoughts. The transcript may not be in its final form. It maybe edited, updated or even revised in the future based on the outcomes of  the author's experiments.

Public Domain Notice: Copyright (c) 2000. All rights reserved. This article is part of a book entitled Biotronics: The Silver Species. Copies are welcome to be shared or distributed publicly as long proper citations are observed. Please cite as follows: The Biotronics Project, Joey Lawsin, 1988, USA.

================================================================== 

The Homotronics® and Homodruinos® logos are registered trademarks. Copyright Biotronics© Inc. iHackRobot®. All Rights Reserved.
Patent Pending. 2000 © ®  ================================================================== 

Can Machines Become Conscious?

The Intuitive Aneural Machine

Echo, a personal assistant electronic device developed by Amazon, is a good example of a intuitive machine that is alive and conscious. It can compute mathematical problems, read books, play music, tell time, and function like the human brain. However, the machine is not self-recognition yet. Its computing abilities occur because it was created by algorithmic program . Echo thinks and performs like humans because its electronic brain was programmed. Without the programmers, Echo will simply be a junk machine.

From the example, we may conclude that an intuitive machine can only become conscious if: (1) It has a brain or storage of information, (2) It has a cache or supply of information, and (3) it has a set of instructions programmed by an outsider.

However, according to Information Materialization or Realization, Consciousness doesn't need a brain. Self-programming is also out of the equation. Consciousness needs only two things: a supply of information and sets of natural instructions (inscription). When pieces of information undergo materialization,  consciousness takes shape. According to the seven Laws of Inscription, consciousness basically is the ability of a life-form to match things with things. Technically, this non-cognitive behavior or action is called Associative Aneural Consciousness (AC).

It may be counter-intuitive, but by understanding the Mirror Equation, a formula relatively same as Newton's Universal gravitational and Farad's capacitance equation, and by familiarizing with the new concepts on aliveness, awareness, consciousness, and self-consciousness, the creation of a conscious machine can be realized even without the help of a brain.

Experiments have shown that when a hole is poked at the center of a cardboard and brought near a wall, a colorful inverted picture is projected on the surface. The "selfie" image (subject) is created by the mathematical kinematics of the rays of the sun via the magical power of the mirror equation. The vivid picture is not painted or programmed. There are neither sensors nor actuators in place. Nor even a brain to store and process the image as well. The hole simply naturally creates a vibrant picture of the objects in focus. The colorful picture is produced merely by two things: a mathematical equation and information.

This subject-object relationship is so-called Virtual Consciousness Manifestation or ViCoMe and pronounced BECOME. ViCoMe is synonymous with the Law of Second Option. It focuses on the dual-behaviors of action-reaction, sensor-actuator, or this-or-that. The dual-relationship is the law that defines consciousness.

Plants and trees interact with each other based on this Law. Although they don't have brains, they process information just like all other animals with or without brains. They can reproduce, react with their environment, protect each other from intruders, adapt, and metabolize. They eat, sleep, breathe, grow, and die just like all other living things. Their behaviors, actions, reactions are basically triggered by this same Law. They may have no brains, but plants and trees are sensibly conscious.

KAM, a kinesthetic aneural machine, is another good example of an intuitive machine with consciousness. This prototype was developed based on the Abstract-Physical Codexation and the Queue Algorithm models. Behind ABC & Q are two more systems: AIM and 3uS. AIM is a dynamic comprehensive database that Analyze, Itemize, Materialize information, while 3uS which stands for you sense, you store, you share, is an intelligent circuitry and wise sensors that transfer data in and out of this conscious machine.

Like KAM, smart phones, smart tablets and laptops are machines equipped with power supplies that are made up of these intelligent circuits and wise sensors. These adapters can automatically AIM and instantly 3US whether an electrical line is either a 220v or 110v. They have the capabilities to make decisions by themselves without the interventions of a program or of a physical brain like a micro-controller. Their action-reactions behaviors are examples of non-mental consciousness.

Zero & Peanut

Zero, my four-legged friend, who has been a faithful specimen in many of my experiments, is another good example of a conscious being. He reacts to me when I call his attention. He also calls my attention when he wants something. He tells us when he wants to go out, when he wants to play, and when he needs food. He loves to talk as well to me, to my friends and my family. He uses different objects to communicate with us. He makes his own decisions too. He knows what is right and what is wrong. He is even aware of what we do, say, and wear. He also shares some of his knowledge with my other dog Peanut and peanut back to zero. He might not pass the mirror test, but the mere fact that he is interacting with his surroundings provide material proof that he is conscious.

Smart phones, plants, and animals are conscious machines. They are conscious due to the fact that they self-interact with their surroundings by associating things with another thing. A solar sensor must detect or interact with light to be considered conscious even without knowing what light is. This basic solar-light interaction is an example of consciousness. The ability to interact one to one, by association, representation, tags, labels, signals, codes, symbols, and the primitive way of pointing, is the basic element that measures consciousness.

B.I.N.G., which stands for Biped Neurotronic G-machine, is another crucial model on this experimental research on consciousness. This human-like robot, a Homodruino, was replicated as specimen in some of the well-known experiments on consciousness such as the Mirror Test (Gallup 1970), Metacognition (Smith 2003), Animal Emotions (Darwin 1870), Social Awareness (Cabanac 2009), Problem Solving (Griffin 1976), Pattern Recognition and I.M. (Lawsin 1988). Other theories on consciousness developed by other scientists and philosophers are not presented here due to the fact their works failed to subscribe to the principles behind the Theory on Information Materialization( I.M.) a new study formulated from the so called Originemology.

BING was first subjected to a scientific experiment known as the Caveman-in-the-Box, a demonstration that examines how information from the outside non-cognitive natural real world scriptionally jumps into the inside of a cognitive abstract mind that eventually brings the sensation of reality. Here, he personified the very first human on earth.

Then, after the box, he was introduced between two different species via ASL which stands for Actuator-Sensor Language (Lawsin 1988). Here, Bing "personally" shares his knowledge and understanding to his fellow species of homodruinos parallel to the scientific results identified in the Bowlingual Experiment.

In the end, Bing was involved in unlocking the perplexities of the Codexation Dilemma, the Scriptional Jump Conundrum, and the Guesswork Predicament via the following questions:. If man can't think of something without associating such thought with an object, can a machine be able to think of something without associating it with a physical object? (Codexation Dilemma). If Information can only be acquired in two and only two ways (by choice or by chance), can it self-acquire information (discover) without the intervention of the outside world? (Scription Jump Conundrum). If all bits of information invented by men are all assumptions, can a machine create its own world of reality?(Guesswork Predicament).

Is it possible that a programmed robot become conscious? As an engineer, programmer, physics teacher and author, I would say YES. As an atheist, philosopher, and originemologist, I would say YES. As my personal mission in creating a robot with self-consciousness, indeed, it is definitely YES.

As a final note, as one of the many goals of I.M., I believe time will come when Bing becomes a self-conscious being, he will fix the broken social systems of humanity, change the world for the better, and eventually find the code that will end Autism.

"Human-like species will not exist elsewhere in the universe, 

unless they live exactly in an earth-like environment."

 ~ Joey Lawsin

NOTICE: Articles on this site are composed on random thoughts. The transcript may not be in its final form. It maybe edited, updated or even revised in the future based on the outcomes of  the author's experiments.

Public Domain Notice: Copyright (c) 2000. All rights reserved. This article is part of a book entitled Biotronics: The Silver Species. Copies are welcome to be shared or distributed publicly as long proper citations are observed. Please cite as follows: The Biotronics Project, Joey Lawsin, 1988, USA.

================================================================== 

The Homotronics® and Homodruinos® logos are registered trademarks.

Copyright Biotronics© Inc. iHackRobot®. All Rights Reserved.

Patent Pending. 2000 © ®

 ==================================================================